Grades 4–5
Decimals
Decimals carry place value past the ones. Line the decimal points up and the column methods work exactly as they do for whole numbers.
What a decimal means
The first place after the point is tenths, the next is hundredths, then thousandths. 2.35 means 2 ones, 3 tenths and 5 hundredths.
Tenths and hundredths are fractions with 10 and 100 on the bottom: 0.3 = 310 and 0.25 = 25100, which is 14.
Worked examples
Adding
Write 2.6 as 2.60 so the columns match. 7 + 6 tenths = 13 tenths: write 3, carry 1 into the ones.
Subtracting
Exchange a tenth for 10 hundredths, then a one for 10 tenths, just as with whole numbers.
Times a decimal
26 × 5 = 130. The question has two decimal places, so the answer does too: 1.30.
2.6 × 0.5 = 1.3
Strategies that help
Line up the points
Not the right-hand edge. Fill empty places with zeros if it helps.
More digits is not bigger
0.5 is more than 0.45, because 5 tenths is more than 4 tenths.
Money is hundredths
$3.07 is 3 dollars and 7 cents: 7 hundredths of a dollar.
Round with the tenths
To the nearest whole, look at the tenths digit: 6.48 rounds to 6, 6.5 rounds to 7.
A decimal place value chart
The places keep going to the right of the point, each worth a tenth of the one before.
| Number | Tens | Ones | Tenths | Hundredths | Thousandths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.405 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 5 | |
| 0.62 | 0 | 6 | 2 | ||
| 12.7 | 1 | 2 | 7 | ||
| 40.09 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
Practice questions
Work each one on paper first, then open the answer to check it.
- What is the value of the 7 in 4.72?
Answer
7 tenths, or 0.7 - Write 3 tenths and 8 hundredths as a decimal.
Answer
0.38 - Which is greater, 0.6 or 0.58?
Answer
0.6 - 3.4 + 2.5
Answer
5.9 - 6.25 + 1.8
Answer
8.05 - 7.3 − 2.6
Answer
4.7 - 9 − 3.45
Answer
5.55 - 0.8 × 10
Answer
8 - 4.6 ÷ 10
Answer
0.46 - Round 12.68 to the nearest whole number.
Answer
13
Common questions
- Is 0.50 bigger than 0.5?
- No, they are equal. A zero at the end of the decimal part doesn't change the value: 5 tenths is the same as 50 hundredths.
- How do decimals connect to fractions?
- Every decimal is a fraction over 10, 100 or 1,000: 0.3 = 3/10, 0.25 = 25/100 = 1/4.